Mechanical Engineering

IR Sensors or Infrared Sensor are light based sensor that are used in various applications like Proximity and Object Detection. IR Sensors are used as proximity sensors in almost all mobile phones. T here are two types of Infrared or IR Sensors: Transmissive Type and Reflective Type. In Transmissive Type IR Sensor, the IR Transmitter (usually an IR LED) and the IR Detector (usually a Photo Diode) are positioned facing each other so that when an object passes between them, the sensor detects the object. The other type of IR Sensor is a Reflective Type IR Sensor. In this, the transmitter and the detector are positioned adjacent to each other facing the object. When an object comes in front of the sensor, the sensor detects the object.

Compression rings and Oil rings plays an important role in Piston. During combustion it helps engine to function accurately. Function of compression rings: There have two compression rings. During combustion huge pressure create in cylinder. One compression ring can't hold this pressure. So, two compression rings are used in piston. Function of Oil rings: During combustion time oil from cylinder goes to piston surface. It creates deposit of carbon. Oil rings scrape oil from cylinder surface to crankcase.

The main functions of piston rings in reciprocating engines are: Sealing the combustion chamber so that there is minimal loss of gases to the crank case. Improving heat transfer from the piston to the cylinder wall. Maintaining the proper quantity of the oil between the piston and the cylinder wall Regulating engine oil consumption by scraping oil from the cylinder walls back to the sump.

Degree of freedom (DOF)  of a  mechanical system  is the number of independent parameters that define its configuration. It is the number of parameters that determine the state of a physical system and is important to the analysis of systems of bodies in  mechanical engineering ,  aeronautical engineering ,  robotics , and  structural engineering .  The motion of a ship at sea has the six degrees of freedom of a rigid body, and is described as: Translation and rotation: Moving up and down (elevating/heaving); Moving left and right (strafing/swaying); Moving forward and backward (walking/surging); Swivels left and right (yawing); Tilts forward and backward (pitching); Pivots side to side (rolling).