Mechanical Engineering

A plane angle is one that can be measured completely within a plane. This may be because the angle occurs in a 2-D space, or it is an angle that is contained completely within a plane that is in a 3-D (or higher-D) space. So the angles in a triangle are plane angles, because they are in a plane. Similarly, the angles in a spherical triangle are plane angles, because even though they measure things in a 3-D space, they can always be shown to be wholly within a plane. Another way to consider a plane angle is to think of angles within a circle. You can divide the circle up into 2π radians, for example, or 360°, or 400 gon, or whatever units you choose. However, the radian as a unit is defined by the subtended arc length that is equal to the radius of the circle. A steradian, the basic unit, is solid angle is one that is subtended by a portion of the surface area of a sphere that is equal to r^2, where r is the radius of the sphere. It can be considered to be a cone subtended at...

Power is the main source of  strength for this modern era. Without power everything is useless.Here is the list of different types of power plants: Nuclear power plant :  Using a nuclear fission reaction and uranium as fuel, nuclear power plants generate high amount of electricity. As nuclear power plants emit low greenhouse gas emissions, the energy is considered as environmentally friendly. When compared to renewable sources of energy such as solar and wind, the power generation from nuclear power plants is considered to be more reliable. Though the investments required to set up nuclear power plants are huge, the costs involved in operating them are low. Besides, nuclear energy sources have higher density than fossil fuels and release massive amounts of energy. Due to this, nuclear power plants require low quantities of fuel but produce enormous amounts of power. Hydroelectric power plant :  Hydroelectricity is produced by harnessing the gravitati...

Composite is consist of two phase, one is Reinforcing phase and other is Matrix. Reinforcing phase is like fibers, particles, flakes. Matrix  is a continuous phase. Example of composite: Concrete reinforced with steel, epoxy reinforced with fibers. Naturally found : Bone-salt plates made of calcium and phosphate ions reinforcement soft collagen. Some advanced composites are: graphite/epoxy, Kevlar/epoxy, fiber glass etc.

A Composite Material is a material made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties that, when combined, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual components. Composite Material was introduced long time ago. But was in different form. Bricks were made by using clay and straw. It was ancient use  of composite material. But now-a-days composite materials example: carbon, glass, epoxy etc.

The energy required to break down a nucleus into its component nucleons is called the   nuclear binding energy . 63 Cu + Energy   29 p +  + 34 n o Nuclear binding energies are usually expressed in terms of kJ/mole of nuclei or MeV's/nucleon. To convert the binding energy to   MeV  (megaelectron volts) per   nucleon   we will employ the conversion factor for converting   joules   into   MeV  (1  MeV  = 1.602 x 10 - 13 J ) and the number of   nucleons   (protons and neutrons) which make up the nucleus.

These process are very simple.  All three devices work on the basis of heat flow. In a heat engine, heat is transferred from a higher temperature level called source to a lower temperature level called sink. Work is obtained during this process. A refrigerator is a reversed heat engine. Heat is transferred from the lower temperature level to higher temperature by applying external work to maintain the temperature below atmospheric temperature. A heat pump is similar to a refrigerator. The only point of difference between the two is of the operating temperatures. The working temperatures in a refrigerator are of the colder level and atmosphere, whereas working temperatures in heat pump are of hotter level and atmosphere.

The refrigeration cycle is a normal process consist of, Compression, Condensation, Expansion,Evaporation .The process are given below: Refrigeration Cycle    The compressor constricts the refrigerant vapor, raising its   pressure, and pushes it into the coils on the outside of the   refrigerator. When the hot gas in the coils meets the cooler air temperature of the kitchen , it becomes a liquid. Now in liquid form at high pressure, the refrigerant cools as it flows into the coils inside the freezer and the fridge. The refrigerant absorbs the heat inside the fridge, cooling down the air. Last, the refrigerant evaporates to a gas, then flows back to the compressor, where the cycle starts all over.